Expert consensus on three‑dimensional visualization‑guided precision surgery for rectal tumors (2025 edition)

With the advancement of digital surgery, computer-assisted imaging analysis techniques have gained increasing attention in surgical treatment. While three-dimensional recons-truction technology based on CT/MRI has been widely adopted in hepatobiliary and thoracic surgery, its application in rectal surgery remains in the early stage. The Colorectal Surgery Group, Branch of Surgery, Chinese Medical Association, the Tumor Minimally Invasive Surgery Expert Committee, Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology, and the Editorial Board of the Chinese Journal of Digestive Surgery have organized domestic gastrointestinal surgery experts to develop the Expert consensus on three-dimen-sional visualization-guided precision surgery for rectal tumors (2025 edition). This consensus is estab-lished based on evidence-based medicine and clinical practice, addressing the indications, acquisition standards, and reporting paradigms for the application of CT/MRI three-dimensional reconstruction technology in radical resection of rectal cancer. It aims to standardize the application of CT/MRI three-dimensional reconstruction technology in the treatment of rectal cancer, promote the digitiza-tion and precision of surgical procedures, enhance surgical safety and efficacy, and provide scientific guidance for clinical practice.