Citation: | Xu Zekuan, Chen Xiaofeng, Tian Yitong. Strategies and thoughts on comprehensive treatment of gastric cancer[J]. Chinese Journal of Digestive Surgery, 2025, 24(3): 317-325. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115610-20250205-00044 |
Gastric cancer is a highly lethal malignant tumor, with early diagnosis being difficult and treatment outcomes influenced by multiple factors. In recent years, comprehensive treatment approach, incorporating surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immuno-therapy, has significantly improved efficacy. The advantages of comprehensive treatment are most important in patients with locally advanced and metastatic gastric cancer. For locally advanced cases, surgery serves as the core treatment, with various therapeutic modalities applied during the peri-operative period to enhance surgical outcomes. For metastatic patients, drug therapy is the primary method, supplemented by local treatments to achieve the best benefit. With the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying gastric cancer development, the use of molecular biomarkers for prognostic stratification and guidance for targeted therapy or immuno-therapy has become a crucial aspect of comprehensive treatment. Based on the latest research advancements, the authors discuss comprehensive treatment strategies for gastric cancer at different stages, offering insights into impro-ving efficacy and prognosis.
[1] |
Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, et al. Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries[J]. CA Cancer J Clin, 2021, 71(3): 209-249. DOI: 10.3322/caac.21660.
|
[2] |
Joshi SS, Badgwell BD. Current treatment and recent progress in gastric cancer[J]. CA Cancer J Clin, 2021, 71(3): 264-279. DOI: 10.3322/caac.21657.
|
[3] |
André T, Tougeron D, Piessen G, et al. Neoadjuvant nivolumab plus ipilimumab and adjuvant nivolumab in localized deficient mismatch repair/microsatellite instability-high gastric or esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma: the GERCOR NEONIPIGA phase Ⅱ study[J]. J Clin Oncol, 2023, 41(2): 255-265. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.22.00686.
|
[4] |
Pietrantonio F, Raimondi A, Lonardi S, et al. INFINITY: a multicentre, single-arm, multi-cohort, phase Ⅱ trial of tremelimumab and durvalumab as neoadjuvant treatment of patients with microsatellite instability-high (MSI) resectable gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (GAC/GEJAC)[J]. J Clin Oncol, 2023, 41(4_suppl): 358. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2023.41.4_suppl.358.
|
[5] |
Cheng Y, Wu L, Fang Y, et al. Abstract CT248: trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) in Chinese patients (pts) with previously treated HER2 mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): primary analysis from the phase 2 DESTINY-Lung 05 (DL-05) trial[J]. Cancer Research, 2024, 84(7_Suppl): CT248. DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.AM2024-CT248.
|
[6] |
Li S, Liu Z, Liu Y, et al. Efficacy of disitamab vedotin (RC48) plus tislelizumab and S-1 as first-line therapy for HER2-overexpressing advanced stomach or gastroesophageal junc-tion adenocarcinoma: a multicenter, single-arm, phase Ⅱ trial (RCTS)[J]. J Clin Oncol, 2024, 42(16_suppl): 4009. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2024.42.16_suppl.4009.
|
[7] |
Peng Z, Liu T, Wei J, et al. Efficacy and safety of a novel anti-HER2 therapeutic antibody RC48 in patients with HER2-overexpressing, locally advanced or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer: a single-arm phase Ⅱ study[J]. Cancer Commun (Lond), 2021, 41(11): 1173-1182. DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12214.
|
[8] |
中国临床肿瘤学会指南工作委员会. 2024版中国临床肿瘤学会CSCO胃癌诊疗指南[M]. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2024.
|
[9] |
Cunningham D, Allum WH, Stenning SP, et al. Perioperative chemotherapy versus surgery alone for resectable gastroesophageal cancer[J]. N Engl J Med, 2006, 355(1): 11-20. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa055531.
|
[10] |
Zhang X, Liang H, Li Z, et al. Perioperative or postoperative adjuvant oxaliplatin with S-1 versus adjuvant oxaliplatin with capecitabine in patients with locally advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma under-going D2 gastrectomy (RESOLVE): an open-label, superiority and non-inferiority, phase 3 randomised controlled trial[J]. Lancet Oncol, 2021, 22(8): 1081-1092. DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(21)00297-7.
|
[11] |
Stahl M, Walz MK, Riera-Knorrenschild J, et al. Preoperative chemotherapy versus chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced adenocarcinomas of the oesophagogastric junction (POET): Long-term results of a controlled randomised trial[J]. Eur J Cancer, 2017, 81: 183-190. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2017.04.027.
|
[12] |
van der Woude SO, Hulshof MC, van Laarhoven HW. CROSS and beyond: a clinical perspective on the results of the randomized chemoradiotherapy for oesophageal cancer followed by surgery study[J]. Chin Clin Oncol, 2016, 5(1): 13. DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2304-3865.2016.02.04.
|
[13] |
Leong T, Smithers BM, Haustermans K, et al. TOPGEAR: a randomized, phase Ⅲ trial of perioperative ecf chemotherapy with or without preoperative chemoradiation for resectable gastric cancer: interim results from an international, intergroup trial of the AGITG, TROG, EORTC and CCTG[J]. Ann Surg Oncol, 2017, 24(8): 2252-2258. DOI: 10.1245/s10434-017-5830-6.
|
[14] |
Janjigian YY, Kawazoe A, Bai Y, et al. Pembrolizumab plus trastuzumab and chemotherapy for HER2-positive gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: interim analyses from the phase 3 KEYNOTE-811 randomised placebo-controlled trial[J]. Lancet, 2023, 402(10418): 2197-2208. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(23)02033-0.
|
[15] |
Janjigian YY, Shitara K, Moehler M, et al. First-line nivolumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for advanced gastric, gastro-oesophageal junction, and oesopha-geal adenocarcinoma (CheckMate 649): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial[J]. Lancet, 2021, 398(10294): 27-40. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00797-2.
|
[16] |
Xu J, Jiang H, Pan Y, et al. Sintilimab plus chemotherapy for unresectable gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer: the ORIENT-16 randomized clinical trial[J]. JAMA, 2023, 330(21): 2064-2074. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2023.19918.
|
[17] |
Janjigian YY, Al-Batran SE, Wainberg ZA, et al. Pathological complete response (pCR) to 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin and docetaxel (FLOT) with or without durvalumab (D) in resectable gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer (GC/GEJC): Subgroup analysis by region from the phase 3, randomized, double-blind MATTERHORN study[J]. J Clin Oncol, 2024, 42(3_suppl): LBA246. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2024.42.3_suppl.LBA246.
|
[18] |
Li C, Tian Y, Zheng Y, et al. Pathologic response of phase Ⅲ study: perioperative camrelizumab plus rivoceranib and chemotherapy versus chemotherapy for locally advanced gastric cancer (DRAGON IV/CAP 05)[J]. J Clin Oncol, 2025, 43(4): 464-474. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.24.00795.
|
[19] |
Shitara K, Rha SY, Wyrwicz LS, et al. Neoadjuvant and adjuvant pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy in locally advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal cancer (KEYNOTE-585): an interim analysis of the multicentre, double-blind, randomised phase 3 study[J]. Lancet Oncol, 2024, 25(2): 212-224. DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(23)00541-7.
|
[20] |
Sun X, Lyu J, Yang M, et al. Two-year outcomes and biomarker analysis of locally advanced gastric and gastroeso-phageal junction adenocarcinoma after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and immunotherapy from the phase Ⅱ Wuhan UHGI001 Trial[J]. Ann Surg Oncol, 2024, 31(12): 8157-8169. DOI: 10.1245/s10434-024-16041-x.
|
[21] |
Verschoor YL, van de Haar J, van den Berg JG, et al. Neoadjuvant atezolizumab plus chemotherapy in gastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: the phase 2 PANDA trial[J]. Nat Med, 2024, 30(2): 519-530. DOI: 10.1038/s41591-023-02758-x.
|
[22] |
Karukonda P, Czito B, Duffy E, et al. Pembrolizumab, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy in neoadjuvant treatment of malignant esophago-gastric diseases (PROCEED): assessment of pathologic response and toxicity in a prospective, phase Ⅱ single-arm trial[J]. J Clin Oncol, 2023, 41, 2(16_suppl): 4062. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.226.
|
[23] |
Tang Z, Wang Y, Liu D, et al. The neo-PLANET phase Ⅱ trial of neoadjuvant camrelizumab plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced adenocarcinoma of stomach or gastroesophageal junction[J]. Nat Commun, 2022, 13(1): 6807. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34403-5.
|
[24] |
Wei J, Lu X, Liu Q, et al. SHARED: Efficacy and safety of sintilimab in combination with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (cCRT) in patients with locally advanced gastric (G) or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma[J]. J Clin Oncol, 2021, 39(15_suppl): 4040. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2021.39.15_suppl.4040.
|
[25] |
Rha SY, Lee C, Kim HS, et al. A multi-institutional phase Ⅰb/Ⅱ trial of first-line triplet regimen (pembrolizumab, trastuzumab, chemotherapy) for HER2-positive advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer (PANTHERA Trial): molecular profiling and clinical update[J]. J Clin Oncol, 2021, 39(3_suppl): 218. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2021.39.3_suppl.218.
|
[26] |
Zhao C, Meng X, Shan Z, et al. Efficacy and safety of perioperative chemotherapy combined with tislelizumab and trastuzumab for HER2-positive resectable gastric/gastroeso-phageal junction cancer (GC/EGJC): Preliminary results of a phase 2, single-arm trial[J]. J Clin Oncol, 2023, 41(16_suppl): e16084. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2023.41.16_suppl.e16084.
|
[27] |
Smyth EC, Nilsson M, Grabsch HI, et al. Gastric cancer[J]. Lancet, 2020, 396(10251): 635-648. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31288-5.
|
[28] |
Etoh T, Ohyama T, Sakuramoto S, et al. Five-year survival outcomes of laparoscopy-assisted vs open distal gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer: the JLSSG0901 randomized clinical trial[J]. JAMA Surg, 2023, 158(5): 445-454. DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2023.0096.
|
[29] |
Huang C, Liu H, Hu Y, et al. Laparoscopic vs open distal gastrectomy for locally advanced gastric cancer: five-year outcomes from the CLASS-01 randomized clinical trial[J]. JAMA Surg, 2022, 157(1): 9-17. DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2021.5104.
|
[30] |
Hyung WJ, Yang HK, Park YK, et al. Long-term outcomes of laparoscopic distal gastrectomy for locally advanced gastric cancer: the KLASS-02-RCT randomized clinical trial[J]. J Clin Oncol, 2020, 38(28): 3304-3313. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.20.01210.
|
[31] |
Du R, Wan Y, Shang Y, et al. Robotic versus laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer: the largest systematic reviews of 68, 755 patients and meta-analysis[J]. Ann Surg Oncol, 2025, 32(1): 351-373. DOI: 10.1245/s10434-024-16371-w.
|
[32] |
Lu J, Xu BB, Zheng HL, et al. Robotic versus laparoscopic distal gastrectomy for resectable gastric cancer: a randomized phase 2 trial[J]. Nat Commun, 2024, 15(1): 4668. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49013-6.
|
[33] |
Kuroda S, Choda Y, Otsuka S, et al. Multicenter retrospective study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the double-flap technique as antireflux esophagogastrostomy after proximal gastrectomy (rD-FLAP Study)[J]. Ann Gastroenterol Surg, 2019, 3(1): 96-103. DOI: 10.1002/ags3.12216.
|
[34] |
Kurokawa Y, Takeuchi H, Doki Y, et al. Mapping of lymph node metastasis from esophagogastric junction tumors: a prospective nationwide multicenter study[J]. Ann Surg, 2021, 274(1): 120-127. DOI: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000003499.
|
[35] |
Takahashi R, Ohashi M, Hiki N, et al. Risk factors and prognosis of gastric stasis, a crucial problem after laparoscopic pylorus-preserving gastrectomy for early middle-third gastric cancer[J]. Gastric Cancer, 2020, 23(4): 707-715. DOI: 10.1007/s10120-019-01037-4.
|
[36] |
Bang YJ, Kim YW, Yang HK, et al. Adjuvant capecitabine and oxaliplatin for gastric cancer after D2 gastrectomy (CLASSIC): a phase 3 open-label, randomised controlled trial[J]. Lancet, 2012, 379(9813): 315-321. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61873-4.
|
[37] |
Terashima M, Kang YK, Kim YW, et al. ATTRACTION-5: a phase 3 study of nivolumab plus chemotherapy as postoperative adjuvant treatment for pathological stage Ⅲ (pStage Ⅲ) gastric or gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) cancer[J]. J Clin Oncol, 2023, 41(16_suppl): 4000. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2023.41.16_suppl.4000.
|
[38] |
Macdonald JS, Smalley SR, Benedetti J, et al. Chemoradiotherapy after surgery compared with surgery alone for adenocarcinoma of the stomach or gastroesophageal junction[J]. N Engl J Med, 2001, 345(10): 725-730. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa010187.
|
[39] |
Park SH, Lim DH, Sohn TS, et al. A randomized phase Ⅲ trial comparing adjuvant single-agent S1, S-1 with oxaliplatin, and postoperative chemoradiation with S-1 and oxaliplatin in patients with node-positive gastric cancer after D2 resection: the ARTIST 2 trial☆[J]. Ann Oncol, 2021, 32(3): 368-374. DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.11.017.
|
[40] |
Park SH, Sohn TS, Lee J, et al. Phase Ⅲ trial to compare adjuvant chemotherapy with capecitabine and cisplatin versus concurrent chemoradiotherapy in gastric cancer: final report of the adjuvant chemoradiotherapy in stomach tumors trial, including survival and subset analyses[J]. J Clin Oncol, 2015, 33(28): 3130-3136. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2014.58.3930.
|
[41] |
Peng J, Wei Y, Zhou F, et al. D2-resected stage Ⅲc gastric cancer patients benefit from adjuvant chemoradiotherapy[J]. Cancer Med, 2016, 5(10): 2773-2780. DOI: 10.1002/cam4.873.
|
[42] |
Fan M, Li G, Shen L, et al. Identification of patients with lymph node metastasis from gastric cancer who may benefit from adjuvant chemoradiotherapy after D2 dissection-do N3 patients benefit from additional radiation?[J]. Br J Radiol, 2016, 89(1059): 20150758. DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20150758.
|
[43] |
Zhou ML, Yang W, Wang YQ, et al. Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy versus adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with N3 gastric cancer after D2/R0 resection: a retrospective study based on propensity score analyses[J]. Cancer Manag Res, 2019, 11: 4855-4870. DOI: 10.2147/CMAR.S195130.
|
[44] |
Wang SB, Qi WX, Chen JY, et al. Competing risk nomogram predicting initial loco-regional recurrence in gastric cancer patients after D2 gastrectomy[J]. Radiat Oncol, 2019, 14(1): 128. DOI: 10.1186/s13014-019-1332-y.
|
[45] |
Zhu ZG, Tang R, Yan M, et al. Efficacy and safety of intraoperative peritoneal hyperthermic chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer patients with serosal invasion. A long-term follow-up study[J]. Dig Surg, 2006, 23(1/2): 93-102. DOI: 10.1159/000093778.
|
[46] |
詹宏杰, 梁寒, 王宝贵, 等. 进展期胃癌术中腹腔热灌注化疗的预后分析[J]. 中国肿瘤临床, 2012, 39(22): 1730-1733. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-8179.2012.22.011.
|
[47] |
Azad TD, Chaudhuri AA, Fang P, et al. Circulating tumor DNA analysis for detection of minimal residual disease after chemoradiotherapy for localized esophageal cancer[J]. Gastroenterology, 2020, 158(3): 494-505.e6. DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.10.039.
|
[48] |
Scherer F, Kurtz DM, Newman AM, et al. Distinct biological subtypes and patterns of genome evolution in lympho-ma revealed by circulating tumor DNA[J]. Sci Transl Med, 2016, 8(364): 364ra155. DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aai8545.
|
[49] |
Tan L, Sandhu S, Lee RJ, et al. Prediction and monitoring of relapse in stage Ⅲ melanoma using circulating tumor DNA[J]. Ann Oncol, 2019, 30(5): 804-814. DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz048.
|
[50] |
Tie J, Wang Y, Tomasetti C, et al. Circulating tumor DNA analysis detects minimal residual disease and predicts recurrence in patients with stage Ⅱ colon cancer[J]. Sci Transl Med, 2016, 8(346): 346ra92. DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf6219.
|
[51] |
Huffman BM, Aushev VN, Budde GL, et al. Analysis of circulating tumor dna to predict risk of recurrence in patients with esophageal and gastric cancers[J]. JCO Precis Oncol, 2022, 6: e2200420. DOI: 10.1200/PO.22.00420.
|
[52] |
Maron SB, Chase LM, Lomnicki S, et al. Circulating tumor DNA sequencing analysis of gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma[J]. Clin Cancer Res, 2019, 25(23): 7098-7112. DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-19-1704.
|
[53] |
Yang J, Gong Y, Lam VK, et al. Deep sequencing of circulating tumor DNA detects molecular residual disease and predicts recurrence in gastric cancer[J]. Cell Death Dis, 2020, 11(5): 346. DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2531-z.
|
[54] |
Al-Batran SE, Goetze TO, Mueller DW, et al. The RENAISSANCE (AIO-FLOT5) trial: effect of chemotherapy alone vs. chemotherapy followed by surgical resection on survival and quality of life in patients with limited-metastatic adenocarcinoma of the stomach or esophagogastric junction-a phase Ⅲ trial of the German AIO/CAO-V/CAOGI[J]. BMC Cancer, 2017, 17(1): 893. DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3918-9.
|
[55] |
Chevallay M, Wassmer CH, Iranmanesh P, et al. Multimodal treatment in oligometastatic gastric cancer[J]. World J Gastrointest Oncol, 2022, 14(2): 434-449. DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v14.i2.434.
|
[56] |
Sawasaki M, Tsubamoto H, Nakamoto Y, et al. S-1, oxaliplatin, nab-paclitaxel and itraconazole for conversion surgery for advanced or recurrent gastric cancer[J]. Anticancer Res, 2020, 40(2): 991-997. DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.14033.
|
[57] |
Yoshida K, Yasufuku I, Terashima M, et al. International retrospective cohort study of conversion therapy for stage Ⅳ gastric cancer 1 (CONVO-GC-1)[J]. Ann Gastroenterol Surg, 2022, 6(2): 227-240. DOI: 10.1002/ags3.12515.
|
[58] |
Oyama K, Fushida S, Kinoshita J, et al. Efficacy of pre-operative chemotherapy with docetaxel, cisplatin, and S-1 (DCS therapy) and curative resection for gastric cancer with pathologically positive para-aortic lymph nodes[J]. J Surg Oncol, 2012, 105(6): 535-541. DOI: 10.1002/jso.22125.
|
[59] |
Al-Batran SE, Lorenzen S, Riera J, et al. Effect of chemotherapy/targeted therapy alone vs. chemotherapy/targeted therapy followed by radical surgical resection on survival and quality of life in patients with limited-metastatic adenocarcinoma of the stomach or esophagogastric junction: the IKF-575/RENAISSANCE phase Ⅲ trial[J]. J Clin Oncol, 2024, 42(17_suppl): LBA4001. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2024.42.17_suppl.LBA4001.
|
[60] |
Li S, Yu W, Xie F, et al. Neoadjuvant therapy with immune checkpoint blockade, antiangiogenesis, and chemotherapy for locally advanced gastric cancer[J]. Nat Commun, 2023, 14(1): 8. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35431-x.
|
[61] |
Xue Q, Wang B, Wang X, et al. CO-STAR: Surgical conversion feasibility trial of sintilimab (PD-1 inhibitor) combined with Nab-PTX, S-1 and apatinib for the first-line treatment of stage Ⅳ gastric cancer (GC)[J]. J Clin Oncol, 2021, 39(15_suppl): e16041. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2021.39.15_suppl.e16041.
|
[62] |
Liang H, Yan X, Li Z, et al. Clinical outcomes of conversion surgery following immune checkpoint inhibitors and chemotherapy in stage Ⅳ gastric cancer[J]. Int J Surg, 2023, 109(12): 4162-4172. DOI: 10.1097/JS9.0000000000000738.
|
[63] |
Bonnot PE, Piessen G, Kepenekian V, et al. Cytoreductive surgery with or without hyperthermic intraperitoneal che-motherapy for gastric cancer with peritoneal metastases (CYTO-CHIP study): a propensity score analysis[J]. J Clin Oncol, 2019, 37(23): 2028-2040. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.18.01688.
|
[64] |
Rau B, Lang H, Koenigsrainer A, et al. Effect of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy on cytoreductive surgery in gastric cancer with synchronous peritoneal metastases: the phase Ⅲ GASTRIPEC-I trial[J]. J Clin Oncol, 2024, 42(2): 146-156. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.22.02867.
|
[65] |
Kroese TE, Jorritsma NKN, van Laarhoven HWM, et al. Stereotactic radiotherapy or metastasectomy for oligometastatic esophagogastric cancer: a nationwide population-based cohort study[J]. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol, 2022, 37: 109-115. DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.2022.08.012.
|
[66] |
Matoska T, Banerjee A, Shreenivas A, et al. Definitive chemoradiation associated with improved survival outcomes in patients with synchronous oligometastatic esophageal cancer[J]. Cancers (Basel), 2023, 15(9): 2523. DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092523.
|
[67] |
Mizrak Kaya D, Wang X, Harada K, et al. 101 long-term survivors who had metastatic gastroesophageal cancer and received local consolidative therapy[J]. Oncology, 2017, 93(4): 243-248. DOI: 10.1159/000475550.
|
[68] |
Palma DA, Olson R, Harrow S, et al. Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy for the comprehensive treatment of oligometastatic cancers: long-term results of the SABR-COMET phase Ⅱ Randomized Trial[J]. J Clin Oncol, 2020, 38(25): 2830-2838. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.20.00818.
|
[69] |
Xu RH, Zhang Y, Pan H, et al. Efficacy and safety of weekly paclitaxel with or without ramucirumab as second-line therapy for the treatment of advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (RAINBOW-Asia): a randomised, multicentre, double-blind, phase 3 trial[J]. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2021, 6(12): 1015-1024. DOI: 10.1016/S2468-1253(21)00313-7.
|
[70] |
Wang F, Shen L, Guo W, et al. Fruquintinib plus paclitaxel versus placebo plus paclitaxel for gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: the randomized phase 3 FRUTIGA trial[J]. Nat Med, 2024, 30(8): 2189-2198. DOI: 10.1038/s41591-024-02989-6.
|
[71] |
Dai G, Wang Y, Jia R, et al. 1416P First-line tislelizumab combined with bevacizumab and CAPOX for metastatic gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (mGEA) with PD-L1 CPS < 5: updated results of a phase Ⅱ, prospective, single-arm study[J]. Ann Oncol, 2024, 35(2_suppl): S884. DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2024.08.1482.
|
[72] |
Bang YJ, Van Cutsem E, Feyereislova A, et al. Trastuzumab in combination with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for treatment of HER2-positive advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer (ToGA): a phase 3, open-label, randomised controlled trial[J]. Lancet, 2010, 376(9742): 687-697. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61121-X.
|
[73] |
Catenacci DVT, Kang YK, Saeed A, et al. FIGHT: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase Ⅱ study of bemarituzumab (bema) combined with modified FOLFOX6 in 1L FGFR2b+advanced gastric/gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (GC)[J]. J Clin Oncol, 2021, 39(15_suppl): 4010. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2021.39.15_suppl.4010.
|
[74] |
Kang YK, Qin S, Lee KW, et al. Bemarituzumab plus mFOLFOX6 as first-line treatment in East Asian patients with FGFR2b-overexpressing locally advanced or metastatic gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer: subgroup of FIGHT final analysis[J]. Gastric Cancer, 2024, 27(5): 1046-1057. DOI: 10.1007/s10120-024-01516-3.
|
[75] |
Shitara K, Lordick F, Bang YJ, et al. Zolbetuximab+mFOLFOX6 as first-line (1L) treatment for patients (pts) withclaudin-18.2+(CLDN18.2+)/HER2-locally advanced (LA) unresectable or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction (mG/GEJ) adenocarcinoma: primary results from phase 3 SPOTLIGHT study[J]. J Clin Oncol, 2023, 41(4_suppl): LBA292. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2023.41.4_suppl.LBA292.
|
[76] |
Lordick F, Shah MA, Shitara K, et al. LBA81 Updated efficacy and safety results from phase Ⅲ GLOW study evaluating zolbetuximab+CAPOX as first-line (1L) treatment for patients with claudin-18 isoform 2-positive (CLDN18.2+), HER2-, locally advanced (LA) unresectable or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction (mG/GEJ) adenocar[J]. Ann Oncol, 2023, 34(2_suppl): S1321. DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2023.10.082.
|
[77] |
Shah MA, Shitara K, Ajani JA, et al. Zolbetuximab plus CAPOX in CLDN18.2-positive gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: the randomized, phase 3 GLOW trial[J]. Nat Med, 2023, 29(8): 2133-2141. DOI: 10.1038/s41591-023-02465-7.
|
[78] |
QI C, Liu C, Gong J, et al. Claudin18.2-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T cell-therapy for patients with gastrointestinal cancers: final results of CT041-CG4006 phase 1 trial[J]. J Clin Oncol, 2024, 42(16_suppl): 2501. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2024.42.16_suppl.2501.
|
[79] |
Zhang X, Guo Z, Zhang J, et al. First-line osemitamab (TST001) plus nivolumab and capox for advanced g/GEJ cancer (TranStar102): results of cohort G from a phase Ⅰ/Ⅱa study[J]. J Clin Oncol, 2024, 42(16_suppl): 4048. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2024.42.16_suppl.4048.
|
[80] |
Metzger ML, Behrens HM, Böger C, et al. MET in gastric cancer-discarding a 10% cutoff rule[J]. Histopathology, 2016, 68(2): 241-253. DOI: 10.1111/his.12745.
|
[81] |
Lee J, Kim ST, Kim K, et al. Tumor genomic profiling guides patients with metastatic gastric cancer to targeted treatment: the VIKTORY umbrella trial[J]. Cancer Discov, 2019, 9(10): 1388-1405. DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-19-0442.
|
[82] |
Peng Z, Wang H, Liu B, et al. Abstract CT152: a multicenter Phase Ⅱ study of savolitinib in patients with MET-amplified gastroesophogeal junction adenocarcinomas or gastric cancer[J]. Cancer Res, 2023, 83(8_Suppl): CT152. DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.AM2023-CT152.
|
[83] |
Janjigian YY, Bendell J, Calvo E, et al. CheckMate-032 study: efficacy and safety of nivolumab and nivolumab plus ipilimumab in patients with metastatic esophagogastric cancer[J]. J Clin Oncol, 2018, 36(28): 2836-2844. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2017.76.6212.
|
[84] |
Zhang X, Wang Y, Xiang X, et al. Efficacy and safety of cadonilimab in combination with pulocimab and paclitaxel as second-line therapy in patients with advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) cancer who failed immunochemotherapy: a multicenter, double-blind, randomized trial[J]. J Clin Oncol, 2024, 42(16_suppl): 4012. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2024.42.16_suppl.401.
|
[85] |
Peng Z, Wang J, Zhang Y, et al. LBA60 Phase Ⅲ study of SHR-1701 versus placebo in combination with chemo as first-line (1L) therapy for HER2-negative gastric/gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (G/GEJA)[J]. Ann Oncol, 2024, 35: S1250. DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2024.08.2302.
|