Mechanisms and preventive strategies of gastroesophageal reflux disease in causing esopha-gogastric junction cancer

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most common diseases, which is characterized by acid reflux, heartburn and other discomfort symptoms, and is considered to be the main risk factor leading to upper gastrointestinal malignant tumors. Previous studies on tumors caused by GERD have focused more on esophageal adenocarcinoma associated with Barrett′s esophagus. However, in recent years, it has been found that GERD also plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of other types of esophagogastric junction malignant tumors such as cardia cancer. A variety of mechanisms, such as inflammation and histological transformation of the esophagogastric junction mucosa caused by long‑term chronic gastric acid and bile reflux, lead to the occurrence of esophagogastric junction tumors. The authors review the mechanism and research status of GERD in the occurrence of esophagogastric junction malignant tumors, and discuss a variety of current prevention strategies based on GERD, in order to provide a more scientific basis for the reasonable prevention and treatment of the disease.