Chinese expert consensus on clinical diagnosis and treatment of portal hypertension with hepatocellular carcinoma (2022 edition)

At present, there is no uniform standard for diagnosis and treatment of portal hypertension with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) internationally. Although in recent years, with the significant advances of surgical technic and the positive progress of targeted and immunotherapy in the field of HCC, the survival of HCC patients has improved. The risk of surgery in patients with portal hypertension with HCC remains high, and surgical treatment is still controversial. Therefore, based on the existing evidence based medical evidence, the Chinese Society of Spleen and Portal Hypertension Surgery organizes relevant experts to formulate the Chinese expert consensus on clinical diagnosis and treatment of portal hypertension with hepatocellular carcinoma (2022 edition) after full discussion. This consensus aims to provide guidance for the standardized diagnosis and treatment of portal hypertension with HCC in China. Given that most portal hypertension originates from cirrhosis, this consensus only addresses the diagnosis and treatment of cirrhosis-related portal hypertension with HCC.