Abstract: Surgical minimally invasive techniques such as image intervention, laparoscopy, endoscopy, and assisted medical robotics have become the mainstream of minimally invasive surgery (MIS). However, the vague concept, diverse misunderstanding, and the lack of standards have led to a lot of malpractice in current MIS. Based on the analysis of the clinical situation and the domestic and foreign literatures, the authors have put forward the theory of comprehensive minimally invasive surgery (CMIS), and established the concepts of minimally invasive prevention, minimally invasive diagnosis and minimally invasive follow-up in the view of hepatobiliary surgery. The authors have proposed “three-All” principles of all personnel, all aspects and all processes, and established a comprehensive four-level criteria of outcomes, complications, time and costs for CMIS, in an attempt to provide feasible and practical concepts and standards for MIS from a clinical practice and theoretical level, with a view to standardizing minimally invasive procedures and solving the problem of MIS.