Abstract: Many clinicians have the following 4 misconceptions about the incidence and epedemil trend of gallbladder cancer. (1) The incidence of gallbladder cancer and extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma is considered as the incidence of gallbladder cancer. (2) The gallbladder cancer is the common malignant tumor of the digestive system. (3) The gallbladder cancer is the most common malignant tumor of biliary tract system. (4) The incidence of gallbladder cancer is increasing year by year. Based on the latest annual report of the 2016 Chinese Cancer Registry Annual Report, published by the National Cancer Center (NCCR), combined with previous annual reports and the data of the incidence of gallbladder and extrahepatic bile duct cancer in the related articles, supplemented by clinical data, the author points out that the incidence of gallbladder cancer in China is about 1.00-1.30 per 100 000. It is pointed out that gallbladder cancer is not the most common cancer in the digestive and biliary systems. The incidence of gallbladder cancer has not been significantly increased in recent years, and its 5-year relative survival rate has been reduced by 0.9% since 2003. Although the incidence of gallbladder cancer is low, the malignant degree is high and the prognosis is poor. It highlights the lack of effective treatment for the disease, and further hints that we should strengthen the necessity of early diagnosis and treatment of gallbladder cancer.