Abstract: Lymph node metastasis is the important survival predictor in patients with distal cholangiocarcinoma. With the application of laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy in radical resection of distal cholangiocarcinoma, it is of great clinical significance to explore lymphadenectomy in laparoscopic radical resection of distal cholangiocarcinoma. The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) Cancer Staging Manual (8th ed) has became the new global guideline for cancer diagnosis and treatment since January 2018, which provides a new recommendation for lymphadenectomy of distal cholangiocarcinoma. This review provides an overview of the clinical significance of total lymph node count and number of involved lymph nodes,“en-block” procedure in lymphadenectomy, membrane anatomy for lympha-denectomy, experience and skills in lymph node dissection, lymph node sorting after surgery, adjuvant therapy in the treatment of distal cholangiocarcinoma.