Abstract:  In recent years, colorectal surgery has developed rapidly in China, and great progress has been made both in clinical practice and clinical research. However, there are still many imbalances and non-standardization. In 2018, Chinese Society of Colorectal Surgery led the establishment of two national databases—the database of transanal total mesorectal excision surgery for rectal cancer and the database of colorectal cancer surgery cases. Through retrospective and prospective collection of relevant data, statistical analysis showed that the standardization of colorectal cancer diagnosis and treatment, and the standardization of data management required to be improved, and the awareness of clinical research required to be further improved. Therefore, in the era of “evidence-based medicine”, how to carry out database construction based on Chinese colorectal cancer patients, and how to carry out clinical research related to colorectal cancer surgery in China and obtain high-level evidence to form Chinese colorectal cancer guidelines for surgical treatment are the most severe test for colorectal surgery in China.