靶向KRAS治疗胰腺导管癌的研究进展

Research progress of KRAS-targeted therapy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinama

  • 摘要: 胰腺导管癌(PDAC)是预后极差的恶性实体肿瘤,5年生存率仅为5%。尽管近20年来研究者对胰腺癌发病机制的了解有了很大提高,但胰腺癌临床治疗方面尚无突破性进展,因此亟待寻找有效的新疗法。KRAS是胰腺癌中突变最早且几率最大的基因,并且在癌症起始、进展和转移中发挥着显著的作用。这预示着KRAS是抗胰腺癌治疗的良好靶点。但是,目前临床上仍然缺乏特异性靶向KRAS的有效药物。直接靶向KRAS对于治疗胰腺癌具有良好前景。另外,通过影响KRAS翻译后修饰以阻断KRAS的细胞膜定位和活性、联合抑制RAS下游通路也是寻找以KRAS为靶标治疗胰腺癌的良好途径。

     

    Abstract: At present, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinama (PDAC) is one of the deadliest malignant solid tumors, with poor prognosis and 5-year survival rate of 5%. Although understanding of the pathogenesis has greatly been improved for nearly two decades, there isn't a breakthrough in clinical therapy of the PDAC, and finding a new and effective therapy is badly needed. Genetic analysis showed that KRAS was one of the earliest and great probability mutated gene in the PDAC, played a significant role in initiation, progression, and metastasis of cancer, and predicted to being a good target of anti-PDAC. But a KRAS-targeted effective drug is lacking in clinic. The direct KRAS-targeted therapy will bright prospects. Meanwhile, locking localization and activity of cell membrane through post-translational modifications to KRAS combined with inhibiting KRAS downstream pathway is a good way of the KRAS-targeted PDAC therapy.

     

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