Abstract: Compared with patients with high middle rectal cancer, local recurrent rate of low rectal cancer in patients is worse. The poor outcome of low rectal cancer is due to the unique anatomical features of the low rectum and the lack of clearly defined anatomical excision planes. Therefore, how to use the appropriate imaging methods, evaluate accurately preoperative cancer staging, plan feasible surgical plane and select the appropriate surgical approach, these will be very important for radical resection of rectal cancer. Therefore, the quality of life and longterm survival of the patients will be improved.