Abstract: With the development of imaging technology,the detection rate of gallbladder benign lesions has increased year by year. And part of the diseases may evolve into gallbladder cancer through a series of pathophysiologic processes. There are some misunderstandings in the understanding of gallbladder benign lesions for surgeons, so it is difficult for the clinical decision making. The relationship between gallbladder benign lesions and gallbladder cancer should be correctly understood. Surgeons can neither exaggerate the risk of gallbladder cancer nor miss optimal timing of operation. The key point of the diagnosis and treatment of gallbladder benign lesions should be based on making full use of imaging data and strictly grasp pre and intra operative indications, and it is important to identify the malignant transformation of gallbladder benign lesions as soon as possible and carry out standardized treatment.