Abstract: The splenic surgery has a long history of 400 years and the basic principle of selective splenectomy is finally defined. With the enhancement of the notion of preserving spleen and the modifications and improvements of the technology, the splenic surgery has made great progress both in spleen preserving surgery and splenectomy. For the sake of preserving spleen, innocent splenectomy is avoided as much as possible. Moreover, splenic function is preserved to the largest extent through the substitution of partial splenectomy for total splenectomy or the precise resection of the lesion. On the other hand, in some circumstances, the spleen cannot be preserved. The splenectomy with a series of improvements is very safe in spite of massive splenomegaly. With the development of the technology, the splenic surgery also keeps up with times and continuously innovates. The laparoscopic technology and robot assisted technology bring new energy to the splenic surgery, clinical values of which are being explored and expanded, with a wide development space.