Abstract: MicroRNAs are a kind of small endogenous nonproteincoding singlestranded RNA，which are 18 to 25 nucleotides long．They either regulate expression of specific genes through the degradation of mRNA or repress expression of target protein of mRNA postoperation by binding with the 3′ untranslated region of targeting mRNAs. It produces important physiological effects on cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. The use of experimental biology and bioinformatics methods for research of tumorassociated miRNAs has become research focus. In this paper, the role of miRNAs in the oncogenesis, development, metastasis and prognosis of gallbladder cancer is mainly introduced.