Abstract: besity has been seriously endangering the human health, and it is one of the most serious chronic diseases in the modern society. Losing excess weight can decrease the incidence of obesityrelated diseases and mortality. Currently, surgical treatment is the most successful and durable therapy for obesity. Since 1952, when the first metabolic surgery was re ported, there has been a variety of metabolic surgeries appearing, which got confirmation and innovation continually worldwide. The metabolic surgery started in China in 1980s, until now closing to the world level gradually from a relative disadvantage. Metabolic surgery transformed from open surgery to laparoscopic surgery, and then it has been changing from the extensive mode to the precision mode. Surgical treatment for obesity and metabolic diseases has great potential and vast development prospects in China.