Abstract:  Replacement therapy is the most effective method for the treatment of endstage liver disease, and decellularized liver bioscaffold broadens the research field of the replacement therapy. The present liver bioscaffold preparation is to perfuse chemical reagents (detergents, enzymes, et al) into the vascular structure of the liver under certain physical conditions, so as to remove cellular components and retain extracellular matrix and microvascular structure. Cells were reseeded into the decellularized liver scaffold to obtain the recellularized liver, which can be cultured and evaluated in vitro or in vivo by observing the adhesion of seeded cells, detecting the synthesis and secretion of the recellularized liver. Currently, the selection of seed cells, recellularization protocol and recellularized liver transplantation are still under exploration. In this review, the preparation, evaluation, detection and application of the decellularized liver bioscaffold are introduced for the further experimental study and clinical research.