Acute gastrointestinal injury (AGI) is a malfunctioning of the gastrointestinal tract in intensive care patients due to their acute illness. AGI could be divided into 4 types, including AGI grade Ⅰ: increased risk of developing gastrointestinal dysfunction or failure; AGI grade Ⅱ: gastrointestinal dysfunction; AGI grade Ⅲ: gastrointestinal failure; AGI grade Ⅳ: gastrointestinal failure complicated with distal organ dysfunction. The symptoms of AGI include vomiting and regurgitation, gastric retention, diarrhea, gastrointestinal bleeding, paralytic intestinal obstruction, bowel dilatation and abnormal bowel sounds. Intestinal rehabilitation therapy was used to promote the patients with short bowel syndrome to restore enteral or oral feeding, and it could be used to improve the gastrointestinal function in patients with AGI. The procedure of intestinal rehabilitation therapy include total parenteral nutrition, parenteral and enteral nutrition, total enteral nutrition and oral feeding. The specific therapy could be implemented according to the severity of AGI and early enteral nutrition should be tried frequently. Intestinal tissue specific nutrients should also be provided either through enteral or parenteral approaches.