Translational medicine is an emerging medical research pattern, its connotation includes a two way process with effective translation of the latest basic research results into the available clinical medical technologies and products, and give the feedback of the clinical medical problems to the laboratory. It′s a kind of bidirectional research, namely “Bench to Bedside” and “Bedside to Bench”. Translational medicine is one of the medical science frontiers. In recent years, scientists around the world pay high attention to the clinical translational applications of research results of hepatobiliary surgery, and relevant research and regulations formulation have started under the leadership of government. Actually, translational medicine plays an important role in the success of hepatobiliary surgery in liver transplantation era till now. China is expected to be at the forefront in hepatobiliary surgery and translational medicine in the world in the near future. Chinese surgical circles should have the whole world in view, set in the worldwide development in translational medicine, accelerate the dissemination of ideas in depth to improve the technology and curative effect.