结直肠癌肾上腺转移的临床管理策略

Clinical management strategies of colorectal cancer with adrenal metastasis

  • 摘要: 结直肠癌是全世界恶性肿瘤相关死亡的主要原因之一,患者预后取决于转移性疾病的控制情况。肝脏和肺部是常见的转移部位,肾上腺为非常规的转移靶器官,其诊断与治疗策略尚未形成共识。笔者系统梳理结直肠癌肾上腺转移的流行病学特征、潜在的分子机制、诊断方法和治疗策略等。笔者认为:随着影像学技术的进步,肾上腺转移的检出率提高;尽管其常被视为全身性疾病的一部分,但经严格筛选的患者(尤其是孤立性肾上腺转移患者),积极局部干预(如肾上腺切除术)可能带来生存获益。多学科团队评估对于制订个体化治疗方案至关重要,针对其分子驱动机制的深入研究,有望开辟新的治疗途径。

     

    Abstract: Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer‑related mortality world-wide, with patient prognosis mainly determined by the control of metastasis. In contrast to the common metastatic sites of liver and lungs, the adrenal gland remains an uncommon metastatic organ, and there is no established consensus on the diagnosis and management of colorectal cancer with adrenal metastasis. The authors systematically review the epidemiological characteristics, potential molecular mechanisms, diagnostic methods and current treatment options of colorectal cancer with adrenal metastases.They endorse that advancements in imaging techniques have led to an increased detection rate of adrenal metastases. Although adrenal metastasis is often considered a part of systemic disease, aggressive local interventions (such as adrenalectomy) may yield survival benefits for rigorously screened patients, particularly those with isolated adrenal metastases. Multi-disciplinary team evaluations are significantly for developing personalized treatment plans, while further research into molecular drivers may pave the way for novel therapeutic approaches.

     

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