Abstract: Bacterial infections, particularly sepsis, remain a significant global disease burden. Early recognition and rational use of antimicrobial agents are crucial for improving patient outcome. Conventional infection biomarkers such as procalcitonin and C-reactive protein are limited by their susceptibility to interference from non-infectious inflammatory conditions, resulting in suboptimal specificity. Neutrophil CD64, an infection-responsive receptor, demonstrates rapid upregulation upon pathogen stimulation, positioning it as a promising candidate biomarker. The authors systematically examine the clinical utility of Neutrophil CD64 in the diagnosis, prognostic assessment, and treat-ment monitoring of bacterial infections, compare its performance with traditional biomarkers, and evaluate its integrated value across the continuum of "diagnosis-prognosis-therapeutic monitoring".