Abstract: Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive system worldwide, with surgical treatment remaining the mainstay of therapy. Nutritional risk and malnutrition are highly prevalent among patients with gastric cancer, which are recognized as independent prognostic factors. These conditions significantly affect surgical outcomes, quality of life, and overall survival of patient. For gastric cancer patients with nutritional risk and malnutrition, the implementation of a perioperative, whole-course nutritional management strategy based on the "screening-assessment-intervention" framework represents a critical breakthrough to improve therapeutic outcomes. In terms of nutritional risk screening, the nutritional risk screening 2002 scoring system enables rapid identification of preoperative nutritional risk status in gastric cancer patients, thereby providing a timely basis for initiating nutritional therapy. For nutritional assessment and diagnosis of malnutrition, a multidimensional evaluation model combined with the standardized global leadership initiative on malnutrition criteria allows for accurate stratification of nutritional status. With regard to perioperative precision nutrition therapy, whole-course nutritional management aligns with the enhanced recovery after surgery concept and significantly improves the clinical prognosis of gastric cancer patients. The authors elaborate on nutritional risk screening, nutritional assessment, and diagnosis of malnutrition in gastric cancer, as well as perioperative precision nutri-tional therapy. They also explore the whole-course nutritional management pathway for gastric cancer patients during the perioperative period, aiming to prevent and treat perioperative malnutrition in these patients and thereby maximize the clinical benefits of nutritional therapy.