Objective To conduct a survey on the influence of personality trait on depres-sive symptom and obesity in patients before bariatric and metabolic surgery.

Methods The retros-pective cross‑sectional investigation study was conducted. Patients who underwent bariatric and metabolic surgery in The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University and The First Affiliated Hospital of Ji′nan University from January 1 to June 1,2024 were recruited. The survey was conducted in electronic format using the general information survey questionnaire, the patient health question-naire‑9 (PHQ‑9), and the Chinese big five personality inventory brief version (CBF‑PI‑B). Observa-tion indicators: (1) results of the questionnaire; (2) general data of patient; (3) personality trait scores for patient with different subtypes of obesity; (4) depression symptom scores for patient with different subtypes of obesity; (5) correlation analysis for patient personality trait, depressive symptom and body mass index (BMI). Comparison of measurement data with normal distribution between groups was conducted using the independent t test, and one‑way analysis of variance was used for comparison among multiple groups. LSD test was used for pairwise comparison. Comparison of measurement data with skewed distribution among multiple groups was conducted using the Kruskal-Wallis H test, and Dunn Bonferroni test was used for pairwise comparison. The Spearman correlation analysis and Pearson correlation analysis were used for correlation analysis, and the mediation effect analysis was conducted using the Process 4.0 model and the Bootstrap test.

Results (1)Results of the questionnaire. A total of 146 questionnaires were distributed and collected, including 83 questionnaires from The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University and 63 questionnaires from The First Affiliated Hospital of Ji′nan University. Of 146 questionnaires, 137 questionnaires were valid, yielding an effective response rate of 93.836%(137/146). (2)General data of patient. Of the 137 patients who completed valid questionnaires, 52 were male with BMI of (41±5)kg/m², 85 were female with BMI of (38±6)kg/m², showing a significant difference between them (t=2.586,P<0.05). There were 40 patients aged ≤25 years, with BMI of (42±5)kg/m², 28 patients aged 26-30 years, with BMI of (39±5)kg/m², 49 patients aged 31-40 years, with BMI of (38±6)kg/m², 14 patients aged 41-50 years, with BMI of (38±7)kg/m², 6 patients aged >50 years, with BMI of (37±3)kg/m². There were significant differences in BMI of patients of different age groups (F=2.697, P<0.05). (3)Persona-lity trait scores for patient with different subtypes of obesity. Of the 137 patients who completed valid questionnaires, there were 15 patients of mild obesity, with personality trait neuroticism score of 19.0(14.0,24.0), personality trait strictness score of 32.5±5.2, personality trait extroversion score of 30.0(24.0,40.0), 36 patients of moderate obesity, with personality trait neuro-ticism score of 26.5(22.3,28.8), personality trait strictness score of 32.6±5.9, personality trait extro-version score of 34.0(26.3,39.0), 81 patients of severe obesity, with personality trait neuroticism score of 35.0(29.5,41.0), personality trait strictness score of 26.8±7.4, personality trait extroversion score of 28.0(20.5,35.0), 5 patients of extreme obesity, with personality trait neuroticism score of 28.0(26.5,44.0), personality trait strictness score of 19.6±3.4, personality trait extroversion score of 22.0(18.5,25.0). There were significant differences in personality trait neuroticism, strictness and extroversion among patients of different subtypes of obesity (H=50.316, F=10.774, H=14.446, P<0.05). (4)Depression symptom scores for patient with different subtypes of obesity. Of the 137 pati-ents who completed valid questionnaires, the depressive symptom score were 4.0(2.0,9.0) for 15 pati-ents of mild obesity, 5.0(3.0,7.0) for 36 patients of moderate obesity, 13.0(8.5,17.0) for 81 patients of severe obesity, and 18.0(9.5,22.0) for 5 patients of extreme obesity, respectively, showing a significant difference among them (H=50.129,P<0.05). (5) Correlation analysis for patient personality trait, depressive symptom and BMI. Results of Spearman correlation analysis showed that personality trait neuroticism were positively correlated with depressive symptoms and BMI (r=0.780, 0.557, P<0.05), personality trait strictness was negatively correlated with depressive symptoms (r=-0.523, P<0.05), personality trait extroversion were negatively correlated with depressive symptoms and BMI (r=-0.448, -0.323, P<0.05), and depressive symptoms was positively correlated with BMI (r=0.568, P<0.05). Results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that personality trait strictness was negatively correlated with BMI (r=-0.489, P<0.05).

Conclusion Preoperative personality trait of patients undergoing bariatric and metabolic surgery can influence their depressive symptom and BMI.