Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of acute pancreatitis (AP) with different etiologies.

Methods The retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinical data of 702 patients with AP who were admitted to Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University from January 2018 to December 2022 were collected. There were 451 males and 251 females,aged (52±17)years. Observation indicators: (1) clinical characteristics of AP patients with different etiologies; (2) complications and prognosis of AP patients with different etiologies; (3) complications and prognosis of moderately severe and severe AP patients with different etiologies. Comparison of measurement data with normal distribution among multiple groups was conducted using the one‑way analysis of variance. Comparison of measurement data with skewed distribution among multiple groups was conducted using the Kruskal‑Wallis H test. Comparison of count data among multiple groups was conducted using the chi‑square test.

Results (1) Clinical characteris-tics of AP patients with different etiologies. Of the 702 AP patients, 434 cases were biliary AP, 199 cases were hypertriglyceridemic‑induced AP,29 cases were alcoholic AP, and 40 cases were idiopathic AP. There were significant differences in gender,age,body mass index,combined cardiovascular disease,combined diabetes,combined nephrosis,disease severity and modified computed tomography severity index among AP patients with different etiologies (χ²=24.61, F=48.65, 12.24, χ²=13.67, 12.90, 14.12, 15.56, H=17.62, P<0.05). (2) Complications and prognosis of AP patients with different etiologies. There was no significant difference in infectious pancreatic necrosis,duration of intensive care unit stay,total duration of hospital stay, and death of patients during hospitalization among AP patients with different etiologies (P>0.05). (3) Complications and prognosis of moderately severe and severe AP patients with different etiologies. Of the 395 patients with moderately severe and severe AP, 217 cases were biliary AP, 128 cases were hypertriglyceridemic‑induced AP, 19 cases were alcoholic AP, and 31 cases were idiopathic AP. There were significant differences in renal injury, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and walled‑off necrosis among moderately severe and severe AP patients with different etiologies (χ²=12.62, 8.25, 14.33, P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in infectious pancreatic necrosis, lung injury, circulation system injury, duration of intensive care unit stay, total duration of hospital stay, or death of patients during hospitalization among moderately severe and severe AP patients with different etiologies (P>0.05).

Conclusions The clinical charac-teristics vary among AP patients with different etiologies. The risk of complications varies among moderately severe and severe AP patients with different etiologies.