Abstract: Insufficient future liver remnant is one of the main reasons for initially unresectable of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Surgical or interventional treatments can promote the hypertrophy of insufficient remnant liver, thus enabling the post-conversion resection of HCC. Commonly used methods to promote liver hypertrophy include portal vein ligation, portal vein embolization, associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy, and liver venous deprivation. All of these four treatmental methods can promote liver hypertrophy, but there are also certain differences in terms of safety and the efficiency of promoting liver hypertrophy. With the continuous development of concepts and methods in surgical treatment, local non-surgical treatment and systemic therapy of HCC, individualized, multi-mode, and multi-dimensional comprehensive treatments guided by the concept of multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment and combined with the specific situation of patients, team diagnosis and treatment experience, and technical conditions, are being widely used in the conversion therapy of HCC with insufficient future liver remnant, and help to further improve the survival prognosis of HCC patients. Herein, the authors comprehensively review relevant research progress and elaborate on the strategies, methods, and future development trends of conversion therapy for HCC with insufficient future liver remnant.