Abstract: As high‑quality, evidence‑based medical research continues to update, the diag-nosis and treatment of mid and low rectal cancer presents complex patterns, adapting to the require-ments of real‑world study. In the process of building real‑world database and data collection, the selection of database fields, the structured design of imaging reports, as well as quality control during and after data collection, will significantly impact the quality of real‑world data and its generated evidence. The authors hope to provide references for subsequent real‑world database construction through the experience of constructing a national multicenter database for mid and low rectal cancer.