Abstract: The incidence and mortality rates of gastric cancer (GC) in China are at the forefront of the world. In recent years, although the cure rate of early gastric cancer (EGC) is much higher than that of advanced gastric cancer. Due to the atypical symptoms and low diagnosis rate of EGC, the treatment and survival of patients with GC have been greatly affected after progression. In view of this, the Early Diagnosis and Treatment Group in the Chinese Society of Oncology has formulated the Chinese expert consensus on early diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer (2023 Edition) (hereinafter referred to as the consensus), aiming to improve the level of early management, and the prognosis and survival of GC patients. Early screening and diagnosis of GC are the key points in early management. Early screening includes X-ray barium, endoscopy, serological examination and the detection of Helicobacter pylori infection, etc. Early diagnosis includes endoscopy, pathology and imaging staging diagnosis. In addition to traditional surgical treatment, based on lymph node metastasis and the depth of tumor invasion, the treatment of EGC also includes endoscopy and postoperative adjuvant treatment. Patients should undergo postoperative systematic tumor surveillance to identify the recurrence and metastasis as early as possible. This consensus aims to provide an authoritative and reliable reference for clinicians, medical institutions and patients.