Abstract: With the deeper understanding of liver anatomy and the use of fluorescent laparoscopic equipment, laparoscopic anatomical liver resection has become the first choice for the treatment of liver cancer, and achieved good short‑term and long‑term results. Indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence staining and intraoperative ultrasound are the two most commonly used tech-niques for real‑time imaging guidance in laparoscopic anatomical liver resection, especially for the identification of three‑dimensional interface between liver segments and the guidance of hepatic parenchyma dissection. Based on latest research progress, and combined with clinical practice, the authors elaborate on the selection of ICG fluorescence staining method and the application of intra-operative ultrasound in laparoscopic anatomical liver segmentectomy.