Objective To investigate the application value of three dimensional (3D) imaging fusion navigation system (hereinafter referred as navigation system) in laparoscopic pan-creatic surgery.

Methods The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted. The clinical data of two volunteers, including volunteer 1 undergoing laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy for cholangiocarcinoma and volunteer 2 undergoing laparoscopic pancreaticotomy + splenectomy for pancreatic cancer, who were admitted to the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University from December 2020 to May 2021 were collected. The 2 volunteers were females, aged 68 years and 40 years, respectively. The self-developed navigation system was applied in laparoscopic simulator model test, including in rigid-body model and prosthesis model, and clinical test. Observation indicators: (1) results of model test; (2) results of clinical test. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean±SD.

Results (1) Results of model test. The rigid-body model or prosthesis model with occlusion can be seen in the laparoscopic visual field of the initial laparoscopic simulator. The rigid-body model or prosthesis model with occlusion and rigid-body model or prosthesis model without occlusion can be seen in the 3D visual reconstruction image of enhanced computer tomography (CT) examination. The rigid-body model or prosthesis model with occlusion can be seen in the laparoscopic visual field of the initial laparoscopic simulator after the 3D visual reconstruction image was superimposed and fused with the real-time laparoscopic image. Both of the rigid-body model and prosthesis model were in high consistency, with the distance error of marker points were (0.26±0.11)mm and (0.29±0.18)mm, respectively. (2) Results of clinical test. The abdominal organs and blood vessels with occlusion of the 2 volunteers can be seen in the initial laparoscopic visual field. The location of tumor, important organs and blood vessels can be seen in the navigation system using the 3D visual reconstruction image of enhanced CT examination. The location of tumor, important organs and important blood vessels can be seen in the laparoscopic visual field after the 3D visual reconstruction image was superimposed and fused with the real-time laparoscopic image. The distance error of marker points of the volunteer 1 was (1.36±0.57)mm and the distance error of marker points of the volunteer 2 was (1.24±0.33)mm.

Conclusions The self-developed navigation system can integrate the preoperative 3D visual reconstruction image of enhanced CT examination and the intraoperative real-time laparoscopic image with a good effect. The relationship between deep tissue and blood vessels which is not clarified in conventional laparoscopy can be shown in the navigation system assisted laparoscopic pancreatic surgery.