Abstract: Comprehensive treatment of biliary tract cancer has evolved rapidly, thereby improving disease control and long‑term survival. The authors focus on the update of this emerging field and its impacts on surgical treatment to explore the development of surgery in the treatment of biliary tract cancer in the future. With the goal of medium- and long‑term benefits, a comprehensive treat-ment based on multidisciplinary team and surgery‑centered approach is recommended throughout treatment of biliary tract cancer. In the era of multidesciplinary team, surgical treatment of biliary tract cancer will develop toward precision, limited surgical scope, and minimally invasive technique.