Abstract: Laparoscopic bariatric and metabolic surgery in China began in 2000. After 20 years of development, it has realized the transformation from nothing to existence and then to rapid development. In this paper, the number of Chinese and English literatures on weight loss and metabolism published in China in the past 20 years, the source of literature institutions, published journals, literature types, key words and other aspects are analyzed. The results show as follows: the number of published literatures is generally increasing, bariatric surgery has changed from gastric bypass and gastric banding to gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy, revisional surgery and intestinal flora have been the focus of research in recent years. However, the development of laparoscopic bariatric surgery in China is still in its infancy, and there is few high-level evidence-based multicenter prospective randomized controlled study. Therefore, the authors suggest that more and larger sample, multicenter, randomized controlled studies should be carried out in the future and it requires to develop guidelines suitable for Chinese population. In order to promote the further development of bariatric and metabolic surgery in China, we should establish national data and register clinical data, strergthon the combination of clinical research and basic research and conduct deeper research based on the database.