腹腔镜袖状胃切除术后肥胖症患者血浆高密度脂蛋白胆固醇及代谢指标的变化

王广宇1; 梅芳芸2; 李贵芳2; 高晶扬2; 杜磊2; 卢列盛2; 周冬雷2; 曲伸2

doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn115610-20201010-00649

腹腔镜袖状胃切除术后肥胖症患者血浆高密度脂蛋白胆固醇及代谢指标的变化

Changes of plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol and metabolic indicators in obese patients after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy

摘要

摘要: 目的:探讨腹腔镜袖状胃切除术(LSG)后肥胖症患者血浆高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)及代谢指标的变化。
方法:采用回顾性队列研究方法。收集2013年8月至2017年3月同济大学附属第十人民医院收治的69例肥胖症患者的临床资料；男32例，女37例；年龄为(33±12)岁，年龄范围为18～ 65岁。69例患者中，44例术前血浆HDL-C<1.04 mmoL/L患者设为低HDL-C组；25例术前血浆HDL-C≥1.04 mmoL/L患者设为正常HDL-C组。69例患者均行LSG。观察指标：(1)术前血浆HDL-C与临床指标相关性分析。(2)随访情况。(3)血浆HDL-C变化分层分析。采用门诊和住院方式进行随访，术后每3个月随访1次，了解患者血浆HDL-C、胰岛素抵抗指数、尿酸、游离脂肪酸、体质量变化情况。随访时间截至2017年9月。正态分布的计量资料以±s表示，组间比较采用t检验；偏态分布的计量资料以M(P25，P75)表示，组间比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验。计数资料以绝对数或百分比表示，组间比较采用x²检验。正态分布的计量资料采用Pearson相关系数分析，偏态分布的计量资料采用Spearman相关分析。重复测量资料采用重复测量方差分析。
结果:(1)术前血浆HDL-C与临床指标相关性分析：69例患者术前血浆HDL-C与体质量、身高、腹围、胰岛素抵抗指数、甘油三酯呈负相关(r=-0.246，-0.307，-0.262，-0.253， -0.301，P<0.05)，与年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶、γ-谷氨酰转移酶、尿酸、肌酐、游离脂肪酸、空腹血清胰岛素、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇无关(P>0.05)。校正年龄、BMI、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、空腹血清胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗指数后，69例患者术前血浆HDL-C与体质量仍呈负相关(r=-0.277，P<0.05)。(2)随访情况：69例患者均获得术后随访，随访时间为6个月(6个月，12个月)。低HDL-C组患者术后第3个月和第6个月血浆HDL-C、胰岛素抵抗指数、尿酸、游离脂肪酸、体质量分别为(0.96±0.18)mmol/L、2.20(0.51，11.66)、(411±93)μmol/L、0.57 mmol/L(0.20 mmol/L，1.00 mmol/L)、(92±18)kg和(1.11±0.18)mmol/L、2.19(0.71，8.75)、(389±100)μmol/L、0.40 mmol/L(0.13 mmol/L，1.10 mmol/L)、(86±17)kg；正常HDL-C组患者上述指标分别为(1.17± 0.24)mmol/L、2.22(0.24，7.04)、(379±105)μmol/L、0.60 mmol/L(0.27 mmol/L，1.10 mmol/L)、(84±16)kg和(1.34±0.20)mmol/L、1.60(0.36，5.56)、(359±92)μmol/L、0.42 mmol/L(0.16 mmol/L，2.90 mmol/L)、(80±18)kg。两组患者术后第3、6个月血浆HDL-C变化趋势比较，差异有统计学意义(F=41.443，P<0.05)，组别与时间有交互作用(F=6.252，P<0.05)，不同时间点间比较，差异有统计学意义(F=29.900， P<0.05)；术后第3、6个月胰岛素抵抗指数变化趋势比较，差异有统计学意义(F=4.313，P<0.05)，组别与时间无交互作用(F=2.298，P>0.05)，不同时间点间比较，差异有统计学意义(F=29.800，P<0.05)；术后第3、6个月尿酸变化趋势比较，差异无统计学意义(F=1.669，P>0.05)，组别与时间无交互作用(F=0.111，P>0.05)，不同时间点间比较，差异有统计学意义(F=12.796，P<0.05)；术后第3、6个月游离脂肪酸变化趋势比较，差异有统计学意义(F=5.465，P<0.05)，组别与时间无交互作用(F=0.504，P>0.05)，不同时间点间比较，差异无统计学意义(F=1.405，P>0.05)；术后第3、6个月体质量变化趋势比较，差异有统计学意义(F=5.614，P<0.05)，组别与时间无交互作用(F=2.174，P>0.05)，不同时间点间比较，差异有统计学意义(F=497.496，P<0.05)。(3)血浆HDL-C变化分层分析。①不同性别肥胖症患者术后血浆HDL-C变化情况：69例患者中，32例男性患者术前，术后第3、6个月血浆HDL-C分别为(0.91±0.19)mmol/L、(1.02±0.24)mmol/L、(1.18±0.23)mmol/L，术后第3、6个月血浆HDL-C提高百分比分别为12.00%(4.00%，12.00%)、20.00%(12.00%，39.25%)；37例女性患者上述指标分别为(1.05±0.21)mmol/L、(1.06±0.22)mmol/L、(1.22±0.22)mmol/L、0(-9.50%，8.25%)、12.00%(2.00%，23.00%)。男性和女性患者术后第3、6个月血浆HDL-C提高百分比变化趋势比较，差异有统计学意义(F=6.716，P<0.05)，组别与时间有交互作用(F=3.861，P<0.05)，不同时间点间比较，差异有统计学意义(F=37.374，P<0.05)。②低HDL-C组和正常HDL-C组不同性别肥胖症患者术后血浆HDL-C变化情况：44例低HDL-C组患者中， 24例男性患者术前，术后第3、6个月血浆HDL-C分别为(0.82±0.12)mmol/L、(0.99±0.21)mmol/L、(1.12±0.22)mmol/L，术后第3、6个月血浆HDL-C提高百分比分别为16.00%(-1.75%，28.75%)、27.50%(15.75%，43.50%)；20例女性患者上述指标分别为(0.89±0.08)mmol/L、(0.93±0.14)mmol/L、(1.10±0.14)mmol/L、1.50%(-8.25%，16.50%)、18.00%(9.00%，23.00%)。男性和女性患者术后第3、6个月血浆HDL-C提高百分比变化趋势比较，差异有统计学意义(F=4.503，P<0.05)，组别与时间有交互作用(F=3.594，P<0.05)，不同时间点间比较，差异有统计学意义(F=37.096，P<0.05)。25例正常HDL-C组患者中，8例男性患者术前，术后第3、6个月血浆HDL-C分别为(1.15±0.12)mmol/L、(1.12±0.32)mmol/L、(1.32±0.21)mmol/L，术后第3、6个月血浆HDL-C提高百分比分别为-1.00%(-14.00%，12.00%)、13.50%(6.75%，32.50%)；17例女性患者上述指标分别为(1.23±0.16)mmol/L、(1.20±0.20)mmol/L、(1.36±0.20)mmol/L、0(-13.75%，4.25%)、5.50%(0，28.50%)。男性和女性患者术后第3、6个月血浆HDL-C提高百分比变化趋势比较，差异无统计学意义(F=0.209，P>0.05)，组别与时间无交互作用(F=0.176，P>0.05)，不同时间点间比较，差异有统计学意义(F=6.481，P<0.05)。
结论:行LSG后，术前低水平HDL-C和正常水平HDL-C肥胖症患者的血浆HDL-C、胰岛素抵抗指数、游离脂肪酸及体质量变化趋势比较，差异有统计学意义。对于术前低水平HDL-C肥胖症患者，术后血浆HDL-C提高百分比变化趋势，男性和女性患者比较，差异有统计学意义。

Abstract: Objective:To investigate the changes of plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and metabolic indicators in obese patients after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG).
Methods:The retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinical data of 69 obese patients who were admitted to the Tenth People′s Hospital of Tongji University from August 2013 to March 2017 were collected. There were 32 males and 37 females, aged (33± 12)years, with a range from 18 to 65 years. Of 69 patients, 44 patients with preoperative HDL-C concentration <1.04 mmoL/L were allocated as low HDL-C group, and 25 patients with preoperative HDL-C concentration ≥1.04 mmoL/L were allocated as normal HDL-C group. Sixty-nine patients underwent LSG. Observation indicators: (1) analysis between preoperative HDL-C and clinical indicators; (2) follow-up; (3) stratified analysis of plasma HDL-C. Follow-up was conducted using outpatient examination and hospitalization review to detect changes of plasma HDL-C, insulin resistance index, uric acid, free fatty acids and body mass every 3 months after operation up to September 2017. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean±SD, and comparison between groups was analyzed using the t test. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M (P25, P75), and comparison between groups was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Count data were expressed as absolute numbers or percentages, and comparison between groups was analyzed using the chi-square test. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze measurement data with normal distribution, and Spearman correlation was used to analyze measurement data with skewed distribution. Repeated measurement data were analyzed by ANOVA.
Results:(1) Analysis between preoperative HDL-C and clinical indicators: results of correlation analysis showed that the preoperative plasma HDL-C concentration was negative correlated with the body mass, height, abdominal circumference, insulin resistance index and triglyceride in 69 patients (r=-0.246, -0.307, -0.262, -0.253, -0.301, P<0.05), and the preoperative plasma HDL-C concentration was not correlated with the age, body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma glutamyltransferase, uric acid, creatinine, free fatty acid, fasting serum insulin, total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (P>0.05). The preoperative plasma HDL-C concentration was still negative correlated with the body mass in 69 patients after adjusting for age, BMI, fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting serum insulin and insulin resistance index (r=-0.277, P<0.05). (2) Follow-up: 69 patients were followed up postoperatively for 6 months (6 months, 12 months). The plasma HDL-C concentration, insulin resistance index, uric acid, free fatty acids, body mass of low HDL-C group at postoperative 3 and 6 months were (0.96±0.18)mmol/L, 2.20(0.51, 11.66), (411±93)μmol/L, 0.57 mmol/L (0.20 mmol/L, 1.00 mmol/L), (92±18)kg and (1.11±0.18)mmol/L, 2.19(0.71, 8.75), (389±100)μmol/L, 0.40 mmol/L(0.13 mmol/L, 1.10 mmol/L), (86±17)kg, respectively. The above indicators of normal HDL-C group at postoperative 3 and 6 months were (1.17±0.24)mmol/L, 2.22(0.24, 7.04), (379±105)μmol/L, 0.60 mmol/L(0.27 mmol/L, 1.10 mmol/L), (84±16)kg and (1.34±0.20)mmol/L, 1.60(0.36, 5.56), (359±92)μmol/L, 0.42 mmol/L (0.16 mmol/L, 2.90 mmol/L), (80±18)kg, respectively. There was significant difference in the changes of postoperative plasma HDL-C concentration between the two groups (F=41.443, P<0.05), and there was interaction between groups and time points (F=6.252, P<0.05). There was significant difference between different time points (F=29.900, P<0.05). There was significant difference in the changes of postoperative insulin resistance index between the two groups (F=4.313, P<0.05), and there was no interaction between groups and time points (F=2.298, P>0.05). There was significant difference between different time points (F=29.800, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the changes of postoperative uric acid between the two groups (F=1.669, P>0.05), and there was no interaction between groups and time points (F=0.111, P>0.05). There was significant difference between different time points (F=12.796, P<0.05). There was significant difference in the changes of postoperative free fatty acids between the two groups (F=5.465, P<0.05), and there was no interaction between groups and time points (F=0.504, P>0.05). There was no significant difference between different time points (F=1.405, P>0.05). There was significant difference in the changes of postoperative body mass between the two groups (F=5.614, P<0.05), and there was no interaction between groupsand time points (F=2.174, P>0.05). There was significant difference between different time points (F=497.496, P<0.05). (3) Stratified analysis of plasma HDL-C. ① Changes of postoperative plasma HDL-C in obese patients of different genders: of 69 patients, the plasma HDL-C concentration of the 32 male patients before operation and at postoperative 3 and 6 months were (0.91±0.19)mmol/L,(1.02±0.24)mmol/L,(1.18±0.23)mmol/L, respectively, and the percentage increase of plasma HDL-C concentration at postoperative 3 and 6 months were 12.00%(4.00%, 12.00%)and 20.00%(12.00%, 39.25%), respectively. The above indicators of the 37 female patients were (1.05±0.21)mmol/L, (1.06±0.22)mmol/L,(1.22±0.22)mmol/L and 0(-9.50%, 8.25%), 12.00%(2.00%, 23.00%), respectively. There was significant difference in the changes of percentage increase of plasma HDL-C concentration between the male and female patients (F= 6.716, P<0.05), and there was interaction between groups and time points (F=3.861, P<0.05). There was significant difference between different time points (F=37.374, P<0.05). ② Changes of postoperative plasma HDL-C in obese patients of different genders in low HDL-C group and normal HDL-C group: of 44 patients in low HDL-C group, the plasma HDL-C concentration of the 24 male patients before operation and at postoperative 3 and 6 months were (0.82± 0.12)mmol/L, (0.99±0.21)mmol/L, (1.12±0.22)mmol/L, respectively, and the percentage increase of plasma HDL-C concentration at postoperative 3 and 6 months were 16.00%(-1.75%, 28.75%) and 27.50%(15.75%, 43.50%), respectively. The above indicators of the 20 female patients in low HDL-C group were (0.89±0.08)mmol/L, (0.93±0.14)mmol/L, (1.10±0.14)mmol/L and 1.50%(-8.25%, 16.50%), 18.00%(9.00%, 23.00%), respectively. There was significant difference in the changes of percentage increase of plasma HDL-C concentration between the male and female patients (F=4.503, P<0.05), and there was interaction between groups and time points (F=3.594, P<0.05). There was significant difference between different time points (F=37.096, P<0.05). Of 25 patients in normal HDL-C group, the plasma HDL-C concentration of the 8 male patients before operation and at postoperative 3 and 6 months were (1.15± 0.12)mmol/L, (1.12±0.32)mmol/L, (1.32±0.21)mmol/L, respectively, and the percentage increase of plasma HDL-C concentration at postoperative 3 and 6 months were -1.00%(-14.00%, 12.00%), 13.50%(6.75%, 32.50%), respectively. The above indicators of the 17 female patients in normal HDL-C group were (1.23±0.16)mmol/L, (1.20±0.20)mmol/L, (1.36±0.20)mmol/L and 0(-13.75%, 4.25%), 5.50%(0, 28.50%), respectively. There was no significant difference in the changes of percentage increase of plasma HDL-C concentration between the male and female patients (F=0.209, P>0.05), and there was no interaction between groups and time points (F=0.176, P>0.05). There was significant difference between different time points (F=6.481, P<0.05).
Conclusions:For patients with low or normal plasma HDL-C concentration preoperative, there are significant differences in the changes of HDL-C, insulin resistance index, free fatty acids and body mass after LSG. There is significant difference in the changes of postoperative percentage increase of plasma HDL-C concentration between male and female patients who with low plasma HDL-C concentration preoperative.

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