新型冠状病毒肺炎肝功能损害的影响因素分析及其临床意义

Influencing factors and clinical significance of liver function damage in patients diagnosed with COVID-19

    摘要
  • 摘要: 目的:探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎(以下简称新冠肺炎)肝功能损害的影响因素及其临床意义。
    方法:采用回顾性病例对照研究方法。收集2020年2月9—27日吉林大学第一医院第5批援鄂医疗队在华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院中法院区收治的51例新冠肺炎患者的临床病理资料；男27例，女24例；平均年龄为68岁，年龄范围为36～86岁。所有患者参照《新型冠状病毒肺炎诊疗方案(试行第六版)》进行治疗。观察指标：(1)患者临床资料。(2)肝功能及肝功能损害治疗情况。(3)肝功能损害影响因素分析。正态分布的计量资料以±s表示，偏态分布的计量资料以M(范围)表示。计数资料以绝对数或百分比表示，组间比较采用 x2检验。采用Logistic回归分析进行单因素分析。
    结果:(1)患者临床资料：51例患者中，新冠肺炎普通型21例，重型19例，危重型11例。31例伴有≥1种慢性疾病史，20例无慢性疾病史；13例有饮酒史，38例无饮酒史；7例有肝炎病史，44例无肝炎病史；入院时5例存在感染性休克，5例合并全身炎症反应综合征(SIRS)，41例无休克和SIRS。51例患者体质量指数为(24±3)kg/m2、发病至入院时间为(13±5)d、体温为36.5 ℃(36.0～38.1 ℃)、心率为82次/min(50～133次/min)、呼吸频率为20次/min(12～40次/min)。51例患者入院24 h内白细胞计数为6.3×109/L(2.2×109/L～21.7×109/L)、肌酐为75 μmol/L(44～342 μmol/L)，B型钠尿肽为214 ng/L(5～32 407 ng/L)。(2)肝功能及肝功能损害治疗情况：51例患者丙氨酸氨基转移酶为31 U/L(7～421 U/L)，天冬氨酸氨基转移酶为29 U/L(15～783 U/L)，γ谷氨酰转移酶为36 U/L(13～936 U/L)，碱性磷酸酶为76 U/L(41～321 U/L)，直接胆红素为4.9 μmol/L(2.6～14.3 μmol/L)，间接胆红素为5.8 μmol/L(2.6～23.9 μmol/L)，活化部分凝血活酶时间为37.2 s(30.9～77.1 s)，凝血酶原时间为13.9 s(12.5～26.7 s)；51例患者上述指标异常比例分别为47.1%(24/51)、47.1%(24/51)、35.3%(18/51)、13.7%(7/51)、7.8%(4/51)、2.0%(1/51)、21.6%(11/51)、19.6%(10/51)。51例患者中普通型、重型、危重型发生肝功能损害分别为10、9、10例。51例患者中22例肝功能正常(其中1例入院24 h后发生呼吸衰竭行机械通气)，29例肝功能异常(其中9例入院24 h后发生呼吸衰竭行机械通气)，两者比较，差异有统计学意义(x2=5.57，P<0.05)。(3)肝功能损害影响因素分析。单因素分析结果显示：新冠肺炎临床分型危重型是影响患者发生肝功能损害的相关因素(优势比=10.000，95%可信区间为1.050～95.231，P<0.05)。
    结论:伴有肝功能损害的新冠肺炎患者呼吸衰竭发生率增加。新冠肺炎临床分型危重型是影响患者发生肝功能损害的相关因素。

     

    Abstract: Objective:To invetigate the influencing factors and clinical significance of liver function damage (LFD) in patients diagnosed with Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).
    Methods:The retrospective case-control study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 51 patients with COVID-19 who were admitted to the Sino-French New City Branch of Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Huazhong University of Science and Technology by the 5th group assisting team from the First Hospital of Jilin University from February 9th to 27th in 2020 were collected. There were 27 males and 24 females, aged from 36 to 86 years, with an average age of 68 years. The treatment modality was according to the diagnostic and therapeutic guideline for COVID-19 (Trial 6th edition) issued by National Health Commission. Observation indicators: (1) clinical data of patients; (2) analysis of liver function index and treatment of LFD; (3) analysis of influencing factors for LFD. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean±SD, and measurement data with skewed distribution were described as M (range). Count data were described as absolute numbers or percentages, and comparison between groups was analyzed using the chi-square test. The Logistic regression method was used for univariate analysis.
    Results:(1) Clinical data of patients: of the 51 patients, 21 were classified as ordinary type of COVID-19, 19 as severe type and 11 as critical type. In terms of medical history, 31 patients suffered from more than or equal to one kind of chronic disease, 20 had no history of chronic disease. Thirteen patients had the drinking history and 38 had no drinking history. Seven patients were hepatitis positive and 44 were hepatitis negative. Five patients had septic shock at admission, 5 had systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), and 41 had neither shock nor SIRS. The body mass index (BMI), time from onset to admission, temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate of the 51 patients were (24±3)kg/m2, (13±5)days, 36.5 ℃ (range, 36.0-38.1 ℃), 82 times/minutes (range, 50-133 times/minutes), 20 times/minutes (range, 12-40 times/minutes). The white blood cell count, level of creatinine, and level of b-type natriuretic peptide within 24 hours after admission were 6.3×109/L ［range, (2.2-21.7)×109/L］, 75 μmol/L (range, 44-342 μmol/L), 214 ng/L (range, 5-32 407 ng/L). (2) Analysis of liver function index and treatment of LFD: the level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), direct bilirubin (DBil), indirect bilirubin (IBil), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT) were 31 U/L (range, 7-421 U/L), 29 U/L (range, 15-783 U/L), 36 U/L (range, 13-936 U/L), 76 U/L (range, 41-321 U/L), 4.9 μmol/L (range, 2.6-14.3 μmol/L), 5.8 μmol/L (range, 2.6-23.9 μmol/L), 37.2 s (range, 30.9-77.1 s), 13.9 s (range, 12.5-26.7 s), respectively. The percentages of cases with abnormal ALT, AST, GGT, ALP, DBil, IBil, APTT and PT were 47.1%(24/51), 47.1%(24/51), 35.3%(18/51), 13.7%(7/51), 7.8%(4/51), 2.0%(1/51), 21.6%(11/51), and 19.6%(10/51), respectively. Of the 51 patients, LFD was detected in 10 patients classified as ordinary type, in 9 patients as severe type, and in 10 as critical type, respectively. In the 51 patients, 1 of 22 patients with normal liver function developed respiratory failure and received mechanical ventilation within 24 hours after admission, while 9 of 29 patients with abnormal liver function developed respiratory failure and received mechanical ventilation, showing a significant difference between the two groups (x2=5.57, P<0.05). (3) Analysis of influencing factors for LFD. Results of univariate analysis showed that clinical classification of COVID-19 as critical type was a related factor for LFD of patients (odds ratio=10.000, 95% confidence interval: 1.050-95.231, P<0.05).
    Conclusions: COVID-19 patients with LFD are more susceptible to develop respiratory failure. The clinical classification of COVID-19 as critical type is a related factor for LFD of patients.

     

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